全球旅游伦理规范
第一条 旅游 ：促进人民和社会之间相互理解和尊重
第二条 旅游 ：个人和集体满足的方式
第三条 旅游 ：可持续发展的因素
第四条 旅游 ：人类文化遗产的利用者和改善这些遗产的贡献者
第五条 旅游 ：有益于东道国和社区的活动
第六条 旅游发展的利益相关者的责任
第七条 旅游权利
第八条 旅游者往来的自由
第九条 旅游业员工和经营者的权利
第十条 全球旅游伦理规范原则的实施
第一条 旅游 ：促进人民和社会之间相互理解和尊重
1.了解和倡导人类共有的伦理价值, 以宽容和尊重的态度对待不同宗教、哲学和道德信仰的多样性，既是负责任旅游的基础，也是负责任旅游的归宿；旅游发展 的利益相关者和旅游者都应当遵从所有民族 ( 包括那些少数民族和原住民族) 的社会文化传统习惯，承认它们的价值；
2.旅游活动的展开应当与东道国家和地区的特点和传统协调一致，尊重他们的法律、习惯和风俗；
3.东道社区和当地的旅游从业人员都应当了解和尊重到访的旅游者，了解他们的生活方式、兴趣爱好和期望；对旅游从业人员的教育和培训有助于热情周到的接待；
4.为旅游者和访问者及其财物提供保护是政府当局的任务；由于他们可能特别容易受到伤害，政府当局必须特别关注外国旅游者的安全；根据旅游者的需要，在信息、预防、安全和救助方面，应当采取特别多措施为他们提供便利；对任何攻击、伤害绑架或威胁旅游者或旅游从业人员的行为，以及故意破坏旅游设施和文化或自然遗产基础的行为，应当依据他们各自国家的法律予以严厉谴责和惩罚；
5.旅游者和访问者在旅游过程中不得从事任何犯罪活动或者任何被访问过法律认为是犯罪的活动；应当避免让当地人感到无礼的和伤害的行为或者可能破坏当地自然环境的行为；不得从事任何违禁药物、武器、文物、受保护的物种以及危险品和国家法令禁止交易的物品的交易活动；
6.旅游者和访问者甚至在旅行出发前就有责任熟悉他们准备前往的国家的特点；他们必须认识到任何离开他们日常环境的旅行所具有的健康和安全方面的风险，并采取相应措施把这些风险降到最低；
第二条 旅游 ：个人和集体满足的方式
1.旅游是一种常常与休息、娱乐、运动以及亲近文化与自然联系在一起的活动，它应当作为一种能满足个人和集体需要的优先考虑到的手段予以计划和实施，如果以一种非常开放的思想从事旅游活动，它就构成了自我教育、相互宽容以及了解各民族和文化之间的合理差异及其多样性的一种不可替代的因素。
2.旅游活动应当尊重男女平等；应当促进人权，尤其是那些最容易被伤害的群体特别是儿童、老人、残疾人、少数民族和原住民族的个人权利；
3.对人的任何形式的不当利用，尤其是性方面的利用，特别是对儿童的性利用，都是与旅游的基本目标相冲突的，是对旅游的否定；根据国际法，所有有关国家应当合作严厉打击这种行为，这些行为应当受到东道国家司法机构严厉惩罚，即使这些行为发生在国外，也应当受到行为者国家司法机构的严厉惩罚；
4.出于宗教、健康、教育和文化或语言交流的目的而进行的旅行，是非常有益的旅游形式，应当得到鼓励；
5.应当鼓励把旅游者交流的价值以及这种交流产生的经济的、社会的和文化的利益和风险引入教育课程；
第三条 旅游 ：可持续发展的因素
1.为了实现稳定的、不间断的和可持续的经济增长，是当代人和后代人都需要和愿望都平等地得到满足，所有旅游发展的利益相关者都应当保护自然环境；
2.所有有益于节约稀缺和珍贵资源特别是水资源和能源的、并能够最大限度地避免废弃物产生的旅游发展形式，国家、地区和当地政府都应当给予优先权，并予以鼓励；
3.应当在时间和空间上错开旅游者和访问者的流动，尤其是那些由带薪休假和学校假期产生的流动，应当考虑更加均衡的假期分布办法，以便减少旅游活动对环境的压力，增加其对旅游业和当地经济的有益影响；
4.旅游基础设施的规划和旅游活动的安排，应当保护由生态系统和生物多样性构成的自然遗产，保护濒临灭绝的野生动物物种；旅游发展的利益相关者尤其是专业人员，当他们在一些特别敏感区域如沙漠、极地和高山区、沿海区、热带 雨林或湿地开展活动时，应当同样接受对他们活动的限制和约束；
5.如果能尊重自然遗产和当地人民，并控制在活动场所的承载力范围内，自然旅游和生态旅游被认为有助于加强和促进旅游的持续发展；
第四条 旅游 ：人类文化遗产的利用者和改善这些遗产的贡献者
1.旅游资源属于人类共同财产；资源所在区域的社区对它们具有特定的权利和义务；
2.旅游政策的制定和旅游活动的开展应当尊重艺术的、考古的和文化的遗产，对这些遗产应当保护并使之世代相传；应当特别精心地保护和修缮纪念物、圣地和博物馆以及考古和历史遗址，这些地点必须对旅游者广泛开放；应当鼓励私人拥有的文化财产和纪念物向公众开放，并尊重其所有权，同时也鼓励宗教场所向公众开放，对他们正常的宗教活动的需要不得抱有偏见；
3.文化场所和纪念地从接待游客中所得资金，应当至少有一部分用于这些遗产的维修、保护、开发和美化；
4.旅游活动规划应当使传统文化产品、工艺品和民俗得以生存和繁荣，而不至于导致他们退化和变得千篇一律；
第五条 旅游 ：有益于东道国和社区的活动
1.当地居民应当与旅游活动相关系，公平分享旅游活动所产生的经济、社会和文化利益，特别是旅游创造的直接、间接的工作岗位；
2.旅游政策的运用，应当有助于提高到访当地居民的生活水平和满足他们的需求；旅游度假地和住宿设施的规划建设和旅游经营，应当尽可能广泛地和当地经济社会结构结合在一起。在技能相等的情况下，当地劳动力应当优先；
3.应当特别关注沿海地区和岛屿以及容易被破坏的农村和山区的特殊问题，对这些地区而言，面临传统经济衰退的情况下，旅游常常代表着难得的发展机会；
4.接受由政府制定的规章制度管理的旅游业人员，尤其是投资者，应当研究其发展项目对人文和自然环境的影响；有关他们将来的项目以及可以预见的影响，他们也应当提供最透明客观的信息，并就其内容与相关地区的居民进行对话；
第六条 旅游发展的利益相关者的责任
1.旅游从业人员有义务向旅游者提供有关旅游目的地及其旅行、接待和逗留条件的客观真实的信息；他们应当确保他们提供给消费者的合同条款容易理解，如他们承诺提供的服务的性质、价格和质量以及如果由于他们自己单方面违反合 同时的经济赔偿等；
2.旅游从业人员应当在他们的职责范围内与政府当局合作，对寻求他们服务的旅游者，应当关心其安全保护、事故预防、健康保护和食物安全；同样，他们应 当确保具备相应的保险和援助系统；他们应当承担国家法律规章规定的报告义务，在他们没能履行合同规定的义务时，应当给予适当的赔偿；
3.旅游从业人员在他们力所能及的范围内。应当使旅游者在文化和精神上得到满足，并允许他们在旅行中从事宗教活动；
4.客源国和东道国政府应当与相关专业人员及其行业组织合作，应当保证在组织旅行的企业破产的情况下，有送返旅游者的必要机制；
5.政府有权利和义务告知其国民，特别是出现危机的情况下，他们到国外旅行时可能遇到的困境甚至危险；然而，政府有责任不应当以不公正或夸大其词的方式，发布不利于东道国的旅游业和他们自己国家的经营者的利益的信息；因此，旅行劝告的内容应当事先与东道国政府当局和相关专业人员商讨；形成的建议应当与所面临的事态的严重性严格相符，仅限于在已经出现不安全状况的地区；一旦恢复正常，这些劝告应当予以修正或取消；
6.新闻界特别是专业型旅游新闻媒介和其他媒体，包括现代电子通讯工具，对可能影响旅游者流动的事件和情形，应当发布真实全面的信息；他们也应当向旅 游服务的消费者提供准确可靠的信息；还应当为此开发新的通讯和电子商务技术；对媒体而言，他们不应当以任何方式宣传性旅游；
第七条 旅游权利
1.期望个人直接地发现和享受地球资源，是世界上所有人平等享有的权利；日益广泛地参与国际国内旅游应当视为自由时间持续增加的最好体现之一，不应当对此设置障碍；
2.普遍的旅游权力必须视为休息和休闲权利，包括《世界人权宣言》第 24 条和《经济、社会和文化权利国际公约》第 7条所保证的合理限制工作时间和周期性带薪休假的必然结果；
3.应当在政府当局的支持下发展社会旅游，特别是社团性旅游，有助于更多人广泛参与休闲、旅行和度假活动；
4.家庭旅游、青年旅游、学生旅游和老年旅游以及为残疾人组织的旅游，应当得到鼓励并为其提供便利；
第八条 旅游者往来的自由
1.在遵守国际法和国家法令的情况下，旅游者和访问者享有在他们的国内和从一个国家到另一个国家往来的自由，这符合《世界人权宣言》第 13 条的规定；他们有权进入过境地、逗留地和旅游和文化场所，免遭繁文缛节和歧视；
2.旅游者和访问者应当有权使用一切可以利用的国际国内通讯；他们应当能够及时方便地得到当地提供的行政、法律和健康方面的服务；按照有效的外交惯例，他们应当享有与本国领事代表取得联系的自由；
3.旅游者和访问者应当享有和到访国家的公民相同的对个人资料和信息特别是当它们以电子方式存储时的保密权；
4.过境管理程序，诸如签证、卫生检疫和海关方面的手续，无论是属于国家权限还是源于国际协议，都应当尽可能地改进，为最大限度的旅行自由和广泛参与国际旅游提供便利；应当鼓励国家集团之间达成协议、协调和简化这些手续；应当逐步废止或纠正损害旅游产业和削弱其竞争力的特别税费；
5.只要客源国的经济状况允许，旅游者应当能够获得他们旅行所需要的可兑换货币数额；
第九条 旅游业员工和经营者的权利
1.在旅游业及其相关活动中领取薪水的和自顾的从业人员，特别是考虑到他们工作的季节性，旅游产业的全球性和他们的工作性质所要求的灵活性等不利因素，他们的基本权利应当在国家和当地政府的监督下得到保障，客源国和接待国都应当特别关注；
2.在旅游业及其活动中领取薪水的和自顾的从业人员，有权利和义务获得适当的入门培训和继续培训；他们应当得到充分的社会保障，应当尽量减少他们工作的不稳定性；对旅游部门的季节性员工，应当提供特殊的条件，特别关心他们的社会福利；
3.任何自然人或法人，只有具有必要的能力和技能，应当有权根据现行国家法律从事旅游职业；企业家和投资商特别是中小规模企业的企业家和投资商应当有权在最少的法律和行政限制下自由进入旅游部门；
4.来自不同国家的管理人员和工人，无论其是否领取薪水，为他们提供经验交流有利于促进世界旅游业的发展；应当尽可能依照相关国家法律和国际公约为这 些活动提供便利；
5.作为促进国际交流发展的和急剧增长的不可替代的联结因素，旅游业中的跨国公司不因当利用他们有时所占据的优势地位；它们应当避免成为把某些文化或 社会模式人为地强加到东道社区的工具；它们应当充分认识到，作为它们投资和贸易自由的交换，它们应当参与当地发展；应当避免过多地将利润撤回国内或由他们引起的过多的进口，而减少它们对当地的经济贡献；
6.客源国和接待国企业之间的伙伴关系与平等关系的建立，有利于旅游可持续发展和旅游增长利益的公平分配；
第十条 全球旅游伦理规范原则的实施
1.旅游发展中的公共和私营部门的利益相关者，应当合作实施这些原则，并监控其实际执行情况；
2.旅游发展中的利益相关者，应当承认国际机构首先是世界旅游组织和非政府组织在旅游促进与发展、保护人权、环境和健康方面所具有的权力，应当尊重国 际法的普遍原则；
3.在应用和解释《全球旅游伦理规范》过程中无论出现什么争议，这些利益相关者应当表示愿意接受公正无偏见的第三方即世界旅游伦理委员会的调解。
Global Code of Ethics for Tourism
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As a fundamental frame of reference for responsible and sustainable tourism, the Global Code of Ethics for Tourism (GCET) is a comprehensive set of principles designed to guide key-players in tourism development. Addressed to governments, the travel industry, communities and tourists alike, it aims to help maximise the sector’s benefits while minimising its potentially negative impact on the environment, cultural heritage and societies across the globe.
Adopted in 1999 by the General Assembly of the World Tourism Organization, its acknowledgement by the United Nations two years later expressly encouraged UNWTO to promote the effective follow-up of its provisions. Although not legally binding, the Code features a voluntary implementation mechanism through its recognition of the role of the World Committee on Tourism Ethics (WCTE), to which stakeholders may refer matters concerning the application and interpretation of the document.
The Code’s 10 principles amply cover the economic, social, cultural and environmental components of travel and tourism:
Article 1: Tourism's contribution to mutual understanding and respect between peoples and societies
Article 2: Tourism as a vehicle for individual and collective fulfilment
Article 3: Tourism, a factor of sustainable development
Article 4: Tourism, a user of the cultural heritage of mankind and contributor to its enhancement
Article 5: Tourism, a beneficial activity for host countries and communities
Article 6: Obligations of stakeholders in tourism development
Article 7: Right to tourism
Article 8: Liberty of tourist movements
Article 9: Rights of the workers and entrepreneurs in the tourism industry
Article 10: Implementation of the principles of the Global Code of Ethics for Tourism
ARTICLE 1
Tourism's contribution to mutual understanding and respect
between peoples and societies
1. The understanding and promotion of the ethical values common to humanity, with an attitude of tolerance and respect for the diversity of religious, philosophical and moral beliefs, are both the foundation and the consequence of responsible tourism; stakeholders in tourism development and tourists themselves should observe the social and cultural traditions and practices of all peoples, including those of minorities and indigenous peoples and to recognize their worth;
2. Tourism activities should be conducted in harmony with the attributes and traditions of the host regions and countries and in respect for their laws, practices and customs;
3. The host communities, on the one hand, and local professionals, on the other, should acquaint themselves with and respect the tourists who visit them and find out about their lifestyles, tastes and expectations; the education and training imparted to professionals contribute to a hospitable welcome;
4. It is the task of the public authorities to provide protection for tourists and visitors and their belongings; they must pay particular attention to the safety of foreign tourists owing to the particular vulnerability they may have; they should facilitate the introduction of specific means of information, prevention, security, insurance and assistance consistent with their needs; any attacks, assaults, kidnappings or threats against tourists or workers in the tourism industry, as well as the wilful destruction of tourism facilities or of elements of cultural or natural heritage should be severely condemned and punished in accordance with their respective national laws;
5. When travelling, tourists and visitors should not commit any criminal act or any act considered criminal by the laws of the country visited and abstain from any conduct felt to be offensive or injurious by the local populations, or likely to damage the local environment; they should refrain from all trafficking in illicit drugs, arms, antiques, protected species and products and substances that are dangerous or prohibited by national regulations;
6. Tourists and visitors have the responsibility to acquaint themselves, even before their departure, with the characteristics of the countries they are preparing to visit; they must be aware of the health and security risks inherent in any travel outside their usual environment and behave in such a way as to minimize those risks.
ARTICLE 2
Tourism as a vehicle for individual and collective fulfilment
1. Tourism, the activity most frequently associated with rest and relaxation, sport and access to culture and nature, should be planned and practised as a privileged means of individual and collective fulfilment; when practised with a sufficiently open mind, it is an irreplaceable factor of self-education, mutual tolerance and for learning about the legitimate differences between peoples and cultures and their diversity;
2. Tourism activities should respect the equality of men and women; they should promote human rights and, more particularly, the individual rights of the most vulnerable groups, notably children, the elderly, the handicapped, ethnic minorities and indigenous peoples;
3. The exploitation of human beings in any form, particularly sexual, especially when applied to children, conflicts with the fundamental aims of tourism and is the negation of tourism; as such, in accordance with international law, it should be energetically combatted with the cooperation of all the States concerned and penalized without concession by the national legislation of both the countries visited and the countries of the perpetrators of these acts, even when they are carried out abroad;
4. Travel for purposes of religion, health, education and cultural or linguistic exchanges are particularly beneficial forms of tourism, which deserve encouragement;
5. The introduction into curricula of education about the value of tourist exchanges, their economic, social and cultural benefits, and also their risks, should be encouraged
ARTICLE 3
Tourism, a factor of sustainable development
1. All the stakeholders in tourism development should safeguard the natural environment with a view to achieving sound, continuous and sustainable economic growth geared to satisfying equitably the needs and aspirations of present and future generations;
2. All forms of tourism development that are conducive to saving rare and precious resources, in particular water and energy, as well as avoiding so far as possible waste production, should be given priority and encouraged by national, regional and local public authorities;
3. The staggering in time and space of tourist and visitor flows, particularly those resulting from paid leave and school holidays, and a more even distribution of holidays should be sought so as to reduce the pressure of tourism activity on the environment and enhance its beneficial impact on the tourism industry and the local economy;
4. Tourism infrastructure should be designed and tourism activities programmed in such a way as to protect the natural heritage composed of ecosystems and biodiversity and to preserve endangered species of wildlife; the stakeholders in tourism development, and especially professionals, should agree to the imposition of limitations or constraints on their activities when these are exercised in particularly sensitive areas: desert, polar or high mountain regions, coastal areas, tropical forests or wetlands, propitious to the creation of nature reserves or protected areas;
5. Nature tourism and ecotourism are recognized as being particularly conducive to enriching and enhancing the standing of tourism, provided they respect the natural heritage and local populations and are in keeping with the carrying capacity of the sites
ARTICLE 4
Tourism, a user of the cultural heritage of mankind and
contributor to its enhancement
1. Tourism resources belong to the common heritage of mankind; the communities in whose territories they are situated have particular rights and obligations to them;
2. Tourism policies and activities should be conducted with respect for the artistic, archaeological and cultural heritage, which they should protect and pass on to future generations; particular care should be devoted to preserving and upgrading monuments, shrines and museums as well as archaeological and historic sites which must be widely open to tourist visits; encouragement should be given to public access to privately-owned cultural property and monuments, with respect for the rights of their owners, as well as to religious buildings, without prejudice to normal needs of worship;
3. Financial resources derived from visits to cultural sites and monuments should, at least in part, be used for the upkeep, safeguard, development and embellishment of this heritage;
4. Tourism activity should be planned in such a way as to allow traditional cultural products, crafts and folklore to survive and flourish, rather than causing them to degenerate and become standardized
ARTICLE 5
Tourism, a beneficial activity for host countries and communities
1. Local populations should be associated with tourism activities and share equitably in the economic, social and cultural benefits they generate, and particularly in the creation of direct and indirect jobs resulting from them;
2. Tourism policies should be applied in such a way as to help to raise the standard of living of the populations of the regions visited and meet their needs; the planning and architectural approach to and operation of tourism resorts and accommodation should aim to integrate them, to the extent possible, in the local economic and social fabric; where skills are equal, priority should be given to local manpower;
3. Special attention should be paid to the specific problems of coastal areas and island territories and to vulnerable rural or mountain regions, for which tourism often represents a rare opportunity for development in the face of the decline of traditional economic activities;
4. Tourism professionals, particularly investors, governed by the regulations laid down by the public authorities, should carry out studies of the impact of their development projects on the environment and natural surroundings; they should also deliver, with the greatest transparency and objectivity, information on their future programmes and their foreseeable repercussions and foster dialogue on their contents with the populations concerned
ARTICLE 6
Obligations of stakeholders in tourism development
1. Tourism professionals have an obligation to provide tourists with objective and honest information on their places of destination and on the conditions of travel, hospitality and stays; they should ensure that the contractual clauses proposed to their customers are readily understandable as to the nature, price and quality of the services they commit themselves to providing and the financial compensation payable by them in the event of a unilateral breach of contract on their part;
2. Tourism professionals, insofar as it depends on them, should show concern, in co-operation with the public authorities, for the security and safety, accident prevention, health protection and food safety of those who seek their services; likewise, they should ensure the existence of suitable systems of insurance and assistance; they should accept the reporting obligations prescribed by national regulations and pay fair compensation in the event of failure to observe their contractual obligations
3. Tourism professionals, so far as this depends on them, should contribute to the cultural and spiritual fulfilment of tourists and allow them, during their travels, to practise their religions;
4. The public authorities of the generating States and the host countries, in cooperation with the professionals concerned and their associations, should ensure that the necessary mechanisms are in place for the repatriation of tourists in the event of the bankruptcy of the enterprise that organized their travel;
5. Governments have the right – and the duty - especially in a crisis, to inform their nationals of the difficult circumstances, or even the dangers they may encounter during their travels abroad; it is their responsibility however to issue such information without prejudicing in an unjustified or exaggerated manner the tourism industry of the host countries and the interests of their own operators; the contents of travel advisories should therefore be discussed beforehand with the authorities of the host countries and the professionals concerned; recommendations formulated should be strictly proportionate to the gravity of the situations encountered and confined to the geographical areas where the insecurity has arisen; such advisories should be qualified or cancelled as soon as a return to normality permits;
6. The press, and particularly the specialized travel press and the other media, including modern means of electronic communication, should issue honest and balanced information on events and situations that could influence the flow of tourists; they should also provide accurate and reliable information to the consumers of tourism services; the new communication and electronic commerce technologies should also be developed and used for this purpose; as is the case for the media, they should not in any way promote sex tourism
ARTICLE 7
Right to tourism
1. The prospect of direct and personal access to the discovery and enjoyment of the planet’s resources constitutes a right equally open to all the world’s inhabitants; the increasingly extensive participation in national and international tourism should be regarded as one of the best possible expressions of the sustained growth of free time, and obstacles should not be placed in its way;
2. The universal right to tourism must be regarded as the corollary of the right to rest and leisure, including reasonable limitation of working hours and periodic holidays with pay, guaranteed by Article 24 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and Article 7.d of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights;
3. Social tourism, and in particular associative tourism, which facilitates widespread access to leisure, travel and holidays, should be developed with the support of the public authorities;
4. Family, youth, student and senior tourism and tourism for people with disabilities, should be encouraged and facilitated
ARTICLE 8
Liberty of tourist movements
1. Tourists and visitors should benefit, in compliance with international law and national legislation, from the liberty to move within their countries and from one State to another, in accordance with Article 13 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights; they should have access to places of transit and stay and to tourism and cultural sites without being subject to excessive formalities or discrimination;
2. Tourists and visitors should have access to all available forms of communication, internal or external; they should benefit from prompt and easy access to local administrative, legal and health services; they should be free to contact the consular representatives of their countries of origin in compliance with the diplomatic conventions in force;
3. Tourists and visitors should benefit from the same rights as the citizens of the country visited concerning the confidentiality of the personal data and information concerning them, especially when these are stored electronically;
4. Administrative procedures relating to border crossings whether they fall within the competence of States or result from international agreements, such as visas or health and customs formalities, should be adapted, so far as possible, so as to facilitate to the maximum freedom of travel and widespread access to international tourism; agreements between groups of countries to harmonize and simplify these procedures should be encouraged; specific taxes and levies penalizing the tourism industry and undermining its competitiveness should be gradually phased out or corrected;
5. So far as the economic situation of the countries from which they come permits, travellers should have access to allowances of convertible currencies needed for their travels
ARTICLE 9
Rights of the workers and entrepreneurs in the tourism industry
1. The fundamental rights of salaried and self-employed workers in the tourism industry and related activities, should be guaranteed under the supervision of the national and local administrations, both of their States of origin and of the host countries with particular care, given the specific constraints linked in particular to the seasonality of their activity, the global dimension of their industry and the flexibility often required of them by the nature of their work;
2. Salaried and self-employed workers in the tourism industry and related activities have the right and the duty to acquire appropriate initial and continuous training; they should be given adequate social protection; job insecurity should be limited so far as possible; and a specific status, with particular regard to their social welfare, should be offered to seasonal workers in the sector;
3. Any natural or legal person, provided he, she or it has the necessary abilities and skills, should be entitled to develop a professional activity in the field of tourism under existing national laws; entrepreneurs and investors - especially in the area of small and medium-sized enterprises - should be entitled to free access to the tourism sector with a minimum of legal or administrative restrictions;
4. Exchanges of experience offered to executives and workers, whether salaried or not, from different countries, contributes to foster the development of the world tourism industry; these movements should be facilitated so far as possible in compliance with the applicable national laws and international conventions;
5. As an irreplaceable factor of solidarity in the development and dynamic growth of international exchanges, multinational enterprises of the tourism industry should not exploit the dominant positions they sometimes occupy; they should avoid becoming the vehicles of cultural and social models artificially imposed on the host communities; in exchange for their freedom to invest and trade which should be fully recognized, they should involve themselves in local development, avoiding, by the excessive repatriation of their profits or their induced imports, a reduction of their contribution to the economies in which they are established;
6. Partnership and the establishment of balanced relations between enterprises of generating and receiving countries contribute to the sustainable development of tourism and an equitable distribution of the benefits of its growth
ARTICLE 10
Implementation of the principles of the Global Code of Ethics for Tourism
1. The public and private stakeholders in tourism development should cooperate in the implementation of these principles and monitor their effective application;
2. The stakeholders in tourism development should recognize the role of international institutions, among which the World Tourism Organization ranks first, and non-governmental organizations with competence in the field of tourism promotion and development, the protection of human rights, the environment or health, with due respect for the general principles of international law;
3. The same stakeholders should demonstrate their intention to refer any disputes concerning the application or interpretation of the Global Code of Ethics for Tourism for conciliation to an impartial third body known as the World Committee on Tourism Ethics.
网址：http://ethics.unwto.org/en/content/global-code-ethics-tourism